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The Commissioners of Customs and Excise, in exercise of the powers conferred upon them by sections 6(14), 12(1)(b), 26(1), (3) and (4), 26B and 36(5)(e) and (f) and (7) of, and paragraphs 2(1), 2A(1), 2A(2), 2A(3), 2A(4), 2A(5), 2A(6), 2A(7), 2B(2), 2B(4), 2B(5), 2(11), 3(1), 3(3) and 6(1) of Schedule 11 to, the Value Added Tax Act 1994[1], hereby make the following regulations: Citation and commencement 1. - (1) These Regulations may be cited as the Value Added Tax (Amendment) (No. 6) Regulations 2003 and come into force -
(b) for all other purposes on 1st January 2004.
(2) Part 4 (partial exemption) has effect in relation to input tax incurred by a taxable person on goods imported or acquired by, or goods or services supplied to, him on or after 1st January 2004. 3. Before regulation 13 insert -
A13. In this Part -
(ii) it is capable of identifying the signatory; (iii) it is created using means that the signatory can maintain under his sole control; and (iv) it is linked to the data to which it relates in such a manner that any subsequent change of the data is detectable;
(b) "electronic data interchange" or "EDI" means the electronic transfer, from computer to computer, of commercial and administrative data using an agreed standard to structure an EDI message;
4.
In regulation 13 -
(b) it must contain the particulars required under regulation 14(1) or (2); (c) it must relate to a supply or supplies made by a supplier who is a taxable person.
(3B) A self-billing agreement must -
(ii) the expiry of the period of any contract between the customer and the supplier for the supply of the particular goods or services to which the self-billing agreement relates;
(b) specify that the supplier will not issue VAT invoices in respect of supplies covered by the agreement;
(3C) Without prejudice to any term of a self-billing agreement, it shall be treated as having expired when -
(b) the business of the customer is transferred as a going concern; (c) the supplier ceases to be registered for VAT.
(3D) In addition to the matters set out in paragraph (3B) -
(b) the Commissioners may impose further conditions in particular cases.
(3E) Where a customer in another member State provides a document to himself in respect of a supply of goods or services to him by a registered person, that document shall be treated as the VAT invoice required to be provided by the supplier under paragraph 1(b) or (c) if it complies with the conditions set out in paragraph (3A).
(b) regulation 85(1)(b); (c) regulation 85(2); (d) regulation 86(1); (e) regulation 86(2)(b); (f) regulation 86(3); (g) regulation 88(1)(b); (h) regulation 89(b)(ii); (i) regulation 90(1)(b); (j) regulation 90(2); (k) regulation 91; (l) regulation 92(b); (m) regulation 93(1)(b); (n) regulation 94B(6)(a).".
5.
After regulation 13 insert -
13A. - (1) This regulation applies where a document is provided by a registered person by electronic transmission that purports to be a VAT invoice in respect of a supply of goods or services. (2) The document is not to be treated as the VAT invoice required to be provided by the supplier under regulation 13(1) unless -
(ii) EDI; (iii) where the document relates to supplies of goods or services made in the United Kingdom, such other electronic means as may be approved by the Commissioners in any particular case;
(b) the supplier has complied with any conditions imposed by the Commissioners.
(3) When the document is a self-billed invoice that purports to be a VAT invoice, paragraph (2)(b) applies as if the reference to the supplier is to the customer.
6.
After regulation 13A insert -
7.
In regulation 14(1) -
(b) in sub-paragraph (h) for "sterling" substitute "any currency", (c) in sub-paragraph (i) for "sterling" substitute "any currency", (d) after sub-paragraph (l) add "(m) the unit price.".
8.
In regulation 14(2) -
(c) in sub-paragraph (g) for "sub-paragraphs (k) and (l)" substitute "sub-paragraph (l)".
9.
After regulation 14(6) insert -
10.
In regulation 16(1) for "£100" substitute "£250".
(k) where he is a customer, party to a self-billing agreement within regulation 13(3A), the name, address and VAT registration number of each supplier with whom he has entered into a self-billing agreement.".
12.
In regulation 83 for the words after "supplier" substitute -
13.
In regulation 84(2)(a) omit ", (9)". 17. In regulation 55B(1)(a) (start date), after "notified" omit "in writing". 18. - (1) In regulation 55A(1) (interpretation) -
(b) immediately before the definition of "end date" insert -
(b) the first day of the prescribed accounting period current at any anniversary of his start date; (c) any day on which he first carries on a new business activity; (d) any day on which he no longer carries on an existing business activity; (e) any day with effect from which the Table is amended in relation to him; (f) where regulation 55JB (reduced rate for newly registered period) applies -
(ii) the first anniversary of his EDR.".
(2) In regulation 55D (method of accounting), for "regulations 55J and 55JA", substitute "regulations 55H and 55JB".
(b) the appropriate percentage to be applied by a flat-rate trader in accordance with regulation 55H(2)(a) for the prescribed accounting period just beginning differs from that applicable to his relevant turnover at the end of the previous prescribed accounting period,
he must notify the Commissioners of that fact within 30 days of the first day of the prescribed accounting period current at the anniversary of his start date.
(b) the date that is the relevant date described by regulation 55A(3)(c) or (d) (as the case may be), and (c) the appropriate percentage to be applied to the period immediately before that relevant date and immediately after it,
within 30 days of that relevant date.".
19.
- (1) For regulations 55H to 55JA (appropriate percentage), substitute -
(2) For any prescribed accounting period -
(b) current at his start date but not beginning with his start date, the appropriate percentage shall be that specified in the Table for the category of business that he is expected, at his start date, on reasonable grounds, to carry on in the remainder of the period; (c) not falling within (a) or (b), the appropriate percentage shall be that applicable to his relevant turnover at the end of the previous prescribed accounting period.
(3) Except that, where a relevant date other than his start date occurs on a day other than the first day of a prescribed accounting period, the following rules shall apply for the remainder of that prescribed accounting period -
(b) "remaining portion" means that part of the prescribed accounting period in which the relevant date occurs -
(ii) ending on the last day of that prescribed accounting period;
(c) the appropriate percentage specified in sub-paragraph (a) shall be applied to his relevant turnover in the remaining portion described;
(ii) another remaining portion begins on the latest relevant date, and (iii) the rules in paragraph (a) to (c) shall be applied again in respect of the latest remaining portion."
(2) Immediately before regulation 55K, insert -
55JB. - (1) This regulation applies where a flat-rate trader's start date falls within one year of his EDR. (2) Except that this regulation does not apply where -
(b) his end date or the first anniversary of his EDR falls before 1st January 2004.
(3) At any relevant date on or after 1st January 2004 falling within his newly registered period, the Table shall be read as if each percentage specified in the right-hand column were reduced by one.
(ii) the day the Commissioners received notification of, or otherwise became fully aware of, his liability to be registered under the Act, and
(b) ending on the day before the first anniversary of his EDR.".
20.
In regulation 55K (category of business), for the Table substitute -
* "Labour-only building or construction services" means building or construction services where the value of materials supplied is less than 10 per cent. of relevant turnover from such services; any other building or construction services are "general building or construction services". 21. After regulation 102 insert -
(b) that method does not fairly and reasonably represent the extent to which goods or services are used by him or are to be used by him in making taxable supplies,
the Commissioners may serve on him a notice to that effect, setting out their reasons in support of that notification and stating the effect of the notice.
(b) longer periods to the extent of that part of the longer period falling on or after the date of the notice or such later date as may be specified in the notice.
102B.
- (1) Where this regulation applies, a taxable person shall calculate the difference between -
(b) an attribution which represents the extent to which the goods or services are used by him or are to be used by him in making taxable supplies,
and account for the difference on the return for that prescribed accounting period or on the return on which that longer period adjustment is required to be made, except where the Commissioners allow another return to be used for this purpose.
(b) that method does not fairly and reasonably represent the extent to which goods or services are used by him or are to be used by him in making taxable supplies,
the taxable person may serve on the Commissioners a notice to that effect, setting out his reasons in support of that notification.
(b) longer periods to the extent of that part of the longer period falling on or after the date of the notice or such later date as may be specified in the notice.".
22. In regulation 171(5), after "regulation" insert ", but subject to paragraph (6) below,". 23. After regulation 171(5) insert -
(7) Any question for the purposes of paragraph (6) above whether any person is connected to the claimant shall be determined in accordance with section 839 of the Taxes Act[3]. (8) Paragraphs (6) and (7) above apply where the right to receive a payment is assigned on or after 11th December 2003.".
(This note is not part of the Regulations) These Regulations, which come into force on 11th December 2003 (for the purposes of Part 5 - bad debt relief) and 1st January 2004 (for all other purposes), further amend the Value Added Tax Regulations 1995 (S.I.1995/2518) ("the principal Regulations"). Regulation 1 makes discrete provision in relation to commencement. Invoicing Part 2 of these Regulations makes amendments to the principal Regulations to implement Council Directive 2001/115/EC (OJ L015,17.01.02 p.24). A transposition note in respect of this implementation is available at www.hmce.gov.uk. Regulation 3 inserts an interpretation provision at the beginning of Part 3 of the principal Regulations (new regulation A13). Regulation 4 makes amendments relating to self-billed invoices and the time of supply in relation to self-billing. Regulation 5 inserts a new Regulation 13A, relating to the electronic transmission and storage of invoices. Regulation 6 inserts a new regulation 13B enabling the Commissioners of Customs and Excise, by notice, to require an invoice received in the United Kingdom to be translated into English. Regulation 7 makes amendments to the list of items of information required by regulation 14(1) to be shown on a VAT invoice. Regulation 8 makes amendments to regulation 14(2) relating to VAT invoices provided to persons in other member States. Regulation 9 amends regulation 14 by providing that the information required to be shown on a VAT invoice need only be shown once where a batch of invoices is sent to a single recipient. Regulation 10 amends regulation 16(1) by increasing the amount below which a retailer need not provide a VAT invoice from £100 to £250. Regulation 11 amends regulation 31 (records). Firstly a party to a self-billing agreement is required to retain a copy of any such agreement. Secondly all customers who are party to self-billing agreements must retain details of the name, address and registration number of every supplier with whom they have such an agreement. Regulation 12 amends regulation 83 of the principal Regulations to provide, in relation to an acquisition of goods from another member State that, in addition to the time the supplier issues an invoice, the time of acquisition may be the time that an invoice of the necessary description is issued by the customer. Regulations 13 and 16 make consequential amendments to regulations 84 and 89 respectively to remove references to section 6(9) of the Act (which was repealed by section 24(1)(a) of the Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)). Regulation 14 makes a consequential amendment to regulation 87 following the amendment made in regulation 12 to regulation 83. Regulation 15 amends regulation 88(2) to provide that, in addition to the existing circumstances, a self-billed invoice may create the time of supply. A full regulatory impact assessment of the effect that implementation of the Directive will have on the costs of business was published on 1st November 2001 and is available at www.hmce.gov.uk. Flat-rate scheme for small businesses Part 3 of these Regulations makes provision in respect of the flat-rate scheme for small businesses established by Part 7A of the principal Regulations ("FRS"). Regulation 17 amends regulation 55B of the principal Regulations so that the date with effect from which a person is authorised to operate the FRS is (unless he and the Commissioners agree to the contrary) determined by reference to the date of his request for authorisation, whether or not that request is made in writing. Regulation 19 substitutes a new regulation 55H for regulations 55H to 55JA of the principal Regulations and also inserts a new regulation 55JB. The new regulation 55H sets out the basic rules regarding how a person operating the FRS must determine which appropriate percentage he must apply. These rules are not substantively changed, but are rewritten as a consequence of the new regulation 55JB. The new regulation 55JB provides for a reduction in the appropriate percentage for flat-rate traders in their first year of VAT registration. Regulation 18 makes consequential amendments, including the addition of new definitions of "EDR" and "relevant date" for the purposes of the FRS. Regulation 20 substitutes a new Table of categories of business and appropriate percentages in regulation 55K of the principal Regulations. Most of the categories and all of the appropriate percentages differ from those set out in the previous Table. A full regulatory impact assessment on the changes to the FRS was published on 10th December 2003 and is available at www.hmce.gov.uk. Partial Exemption Part 4 of these Regulations deals with situations where the use of the partial exemption special method approved or directed under regulation 102 of the principal Regulations does not produce a result that is fair and reasonable. It applies to input tax incurred on or after 1 January 2004. Regulation 21 inserts new regulations 102A to 102C into the principal Regulations. New regulation 102A allows the Commissioners, where they consider a taxable person's attribution of input tax according to his method in force under regulation 102 does not fairly and reasonably represent an attribution based on the use or intended use of the input goods and services, to serve on him a notice to that effect. Subsequently the taxable person must follow the procedure laid down in new regulation 102B. New regulation 102B provides for an adjustment to be made where the input tax attributed to taxable supplies according to the method in force under regulation 102 differs from an attribution based on the use or intended use of the input goods and services. The procedure laid down in this regulation applies unless or until the Commissioners approve or direct a method under regulation 102, or allow the method specified in regulation 101 to be used. New regulation 102C allows taxpayers to serve a notice on the Commissioners in the same circumstances as described in new regulation 102A. Where the Commissioners approve such a notice, the taxpayer must follow the procedure laid down in new regulation 102B. A full regulatory impact assessment has not been produced for Part 4 of this instrument as it has no impact on the costs of business. Bad Debt Relief Part 5 of these Regulations amends regulation 171 of the principal Regulations in order to prevent potential avoidance. Regulation 171 requires a person who has received a refund upon a claim for bad debt relief to repay this to the Commissioners of Customs and Excise to the extent that a payment for the relevant supply is subsequently received. However, by virtue of regulation 171(5), "payment" does not include a payment received by a person to whom a right to receive it has been assigned. Part 5 of these Regulations limits the scope of the exclusion contained in regulation 171(5) by inserting new paragraphs (6), (7) and (8). These provide that, where the right to receive a payment is assigned on or after 11th December 2003, regulation 171(5) does not apply if the claimant and assignee are connected, as determined by section 839 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 ( c.1). A full regulatory impact assessment has not been produced for Part 5 of this instrument as it has no impact on the costs of business. Notes: [1] 1994 c. 23; section 96(1) defines "the Commissioners" as meaning the Commissioners of Customs and Excise and "regulations" as meaning regulations made by the Commissioners under the Act. Section 26B was added by section 23 of the Finance Act 2002 (c. 23). Section 36(5)(e) was amended by section 15(2) of the Finance Act 1999 (c. 16). Section 24 of the Finance Act 2002, which amends Schedule 11 to the Act, was brought into force on 1st December 2003, the day appointed by S.I. 2003/3043 (C. 114). Paragraph 2(1) of Schedule 11 was thus amended, paragraphs 2A and 2B inserted and paragraph 3 substituted.back [2] S.I. 1995/2518; relevant amending instruments are S.I. 1995/3147, S.I. 1996/1250, S.I. 1997/2887, S.I.1998/765, S.I. 2002/2918, S.I. 2003/1069 and S.I. 2003/2318 (invoicing), S.I. 2002/1142 and S.I. 2003/1069 (flat-rate scheme for small businesses), S.I. 1996/1250 (partial exemption), and S.I. 1999/3029 and S.I. 2002/3027 (bad debt relief).back [3] section 96(1) of the Value Added Tax Act 1994 defines "the Taxes Act" as the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (c. 1). Section 839 was amended by section 74 of, and paragraph 20 of Part 2 of Schedule 17 to, the Finance Act 1995 (c. 4).back
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